Dementia Linked to Scratchy Sensations
The Chitofuna Dermatology Clinic in Tokyo, Japan, recently conducted a study to understand the prevalence and causes of itching in elderly patients with dementia.
Common Causes of Itching in Individuals with Dementia
The study revealed several common causes of itching in individuals with dementia. One of the most prevalent causes is dry skin, or xerosis, due to reduced skin hydration and changes in skin barrier function in elderly dementia patients.
Other causes include skin diseases such as eczema, psoriasis, or seborrheic dermatitis, neuropathic itching due to altered nerve function or damage related to dementia-associated neurological changes, medications used in dementia care, and underlying systemic conditions like kidney or liver dysfunction.
Management Strategies
The study proposed several management strategies to address itching in individuals with dementia. These include regular moisturizing to address xerosis, treating underlying skin diseases with appropriate topical or systemic therapies, evaluating and adjusting medications that could exacerbate itching, using non-pharmacological measures to reduce scratching and discomfort, considering specific treatments for neuropathic itch like gabapentin under medical supervision, and coordinating between dermatologists, neurologists, and caregivers to tailor individualized care.
Prevention and Care
Encouraging and ensuring an adequate intake of fluids is essential for individuals with dementia to prevent dry skin and itching. Establishing a consistent routine for personal care, including moisturization, can provide a sense of predictability and comfort for individuals with dementia. Choosing soft, breathable fabrics for clothing can minimize irritation on the skin of individuals with dementia.
Relying solely on what patients say about their itchiness may not be enough. Doctors should also look at other clues, like scratching behavior and marks on the skin. About 36.8% of the patients reported feeling itchy, while 53.5% were observed scratching.
Individuals with dementia may struggle to communicate their discomfort, making it crucial for caregivers to be vigilant in identifying the root of the issue. Regular application of a fragrance-free moisturizer can help combat dry skin and reduce itching in individuals with dementia.
The study underscores the complexity of managing itching in dementia patients, necessitating careful assessment to identify the cause and an integrated management approach to improve quality of life.
- The scientific community is encouraged to explore potential connections between mental health conditions like dementia and the prevalence of skin care issues, such as dry skin or eczema, in patients.
- In light of the study, health-and-wellness professionals might consider incorporating CBD-based products in their treatment plans for elderly dementia patients, as CBD has demonstrated potential benefits for skin care and managing neurological conditions.
- To further support mental health and overall well-being in dementia patients, doctors and caregivers may collaborate to implement evidence-based strategies, such as administering medications that minimize itching, using non-pharmacological approaches to manage discomfort, and promoting a regular skin care routine.
