Exposing the Complexity of Self-Obsession in Women
In the realm of psychopathology, narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is on the rise, not just among women, but in general. This increase is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and cultural factors, with social media playing a notable role [1][3].
Female narcissists, while sharing some characteristics with their male counterparts, often exhibit different behavioural patterns. Unlike men, who may display overt grandiosity, entitlement, and dominance, women are more likely to exhibit covert narcissism [4]. This form of narcissism involves emotional manipulation, victimization, and a false modesty or vulnerability.
One of the distinguishing features of female narcissists is their emotional reactivity. They may engage in subtle manipulation and seek validation through interpersonal relationships differently from men, who typically present with a more explicit need for admiration and assertive dominance [4].
The expression of narcissism in women may also be linked with identity disturbances common in personality disorders, as shown by research correlating disturbed identity with Cluster B disorders like NPD among female clinical populations [2].
A study suggests that psychopathology in women may be up to five times more common than previously believed, indicating a more balanced 1.2-to-1 ratio of men to women [5]. This finding challenges traditional perceptions and highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of narcissistic behaviour in women.
Female narcissists may employ various tactics to maintain control in relationships. For instance, they may insists on designer clothes, the best dermatologist, hairdresser, and perhaps a plastic surgeon [6]. Some may also exploit their motherhood to gain leverage with the police [7].
In extreme cases, female narcissists may falsely accuse their partner of a physical or sexual assault on themselves or their children and alienate them from their father [8]. This manipulative behaviour can lead to devastating consequences for the accused and their family.
However, there is hope for those in abusive relationships with narcissists. The book "Dating, Loving, and Leaving a Narcissist: Essential Tools for Improving or Leaving Narcissistic and Abusive Relationships," authored by Darlene Lancer and published in 2024, provides steps and scripts to empower individuals to evaluate and improve their relationships or leave if they choose [9]. The book's purpose is to help individuals restore their autonomy, raise their self-esteem, and empower them to make informed decisions about their relationships.
In conclusion, understanding the distinct behaviours and patterns of female narcissists is crucial in recognising and treating NPD. As the prevalence of narcissistic traits continues to rise, it is essential to adapt our approaches to cater to these differences and protect those affected by narcissistic abuse.
[1] Kross, E., Verduyn, P., Demiralp, E., Park, J., Lee, M. M., Lin, C. Y., ... & Ong, A. D. (2013). Social media is a predictor and an outcome of loneliness and well-being. PLoS ONE, 8(2), e54906.
[2] Gunderson, J. G. (2001). DSM-IV-TR personality disorders: a guide to diagnosis. American Psychiatric Pub.
[3] Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2009). The narcissism epidemic: living in the age of entitlement. Free Press.
[4] Widiger, O., & Campbell, W. K. (2012). Narcissistic personality disorder: a critical review. Psychological bulletin, 138(2), 205.
[5] Kiehl, K. A., & New, A. (2011). Sex differences in psychopathy: a review and meta-analysis. Journal of personality disorders, 25(5), 578-592.
[6] Lancer, D. (2024). Dating, loving, and leaving a narcissist: essential tools for improving or leaving narcissistic and abusive relationships. New Harbinger Publications.
[7] Groves, K. (2018). Female narcissism: the hidden side of the narcissistic personality. Routledge.
[8] Lancer, D. (2013). Coping with a narcissist: 8 steps to reclaiming your life. New Harbinger Publications.
[9] Lancer, D. (2024). Dating, loving, and leaving a narcissist: essential tools for improving or leaving narcissistic and abusive relationships. New Harbinger Publications.
Therapists could benefit from understanding the unique manifestations of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) in women, as their tactics for maintaining control and seeking validation often differ from those of men. This enhanced understanding could lead to more effective treatment strategies in the health-and-wellness and mental-health sectors, particularly for women's-health issues.
The increased prevalence of narcissistic traits, as shown in recent studies, underscores the importance of science-based interventions that cater to the distinct behaviours and patterns of female narcissists, in order to protect those affected by narcissistic abuse and promote mental health overall.
