Sweltering Heat's Toll on Mental Wellbeing Unveiled
Potential Psychological Hazards Associated with Extreme Temperatures: A Cautionary Tale You Need to Hear
Berlin (dpa/tmn) - It's no secret that intense heat is taxing, both physically and mentally. But did you know that extreme temperatures can worsen stress, sleep disorders, and even exacerbate existing mental health issues? According to Andrea Benecke, President of the Federal Chamber of Psychotherapists (BPtK), that's exactly what happens.
The rise in heat has been linked to a surge in aggressive incidents and visits to acute psychiatric facilities. Even the number of suicides increases during hotter months, as reported by the German Society for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Neurology (DGPPN).
Prof. Euphrosyne Gouzoulis-Mayfrank, President of the DGPPN, emphasizes that people with mental illnesses are particularly at risk during heatwaves. "For those with severe mental illnesses, it can be difficult to protect themselves effectively from heat. Mental illnesses are among the most critical risk factors for heat-related deaths," she says.
Be Aware: What Affected Individuals and Family Members Should Know
The BPtK recommends a few essential tips for heat protection for mentally ill individuals:
- Seek shade, stay hydrated, and avoid strenuous activities.
- Alcohol and drug consumption, as well as intense sports, should be minimized or avoided altogether on sweltering days, as they increase the risk of dehydration and overheating.
- Consult your doctor about any necessary adjustments to your medication during the heat, and discuss an emergency contact with your psychotherapist.
These precautions aren't just essential for individuals dealing with mental health issues; they're key to safeguarding everyone from the harsh effects of extreme heat.
Children: A Special Case
Children, with their bodies still learning to regulate heat, are especially susceptible to the harmful effects of intense heat. They sweat less efficiently and can dehydrate faster, increasing the risk of heat stroke and circulatory problems. Additionally, high temperatures can exacerbate existing mental conditions: irritability, restlessness, concentration issues, and sleep problems may arise more frequently during hot weather.
When the Heat Becomes Dangerous
When the perceived temperature exceeds 30°C during the day and drops no lower than 20°C at night, heat can become hazardous. Continual exposure to extreme temperatures can lead to both physical reactions and mental crises, known as "heat emergencies." Getting prompt assistance is crucial in such cases.
A Closer Look:
- Stress and Anxiety: High temperatures can boost stress hormones like cortisol, causing increased anxiety, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
- Mood Fluctuations: Heat can cause mood swings, frustration, and anger, often worsening symptoms of depression and anxiety.
- Sleep Disruptions: Heat can interfere with sleep patterns, leading to restlessness, mental exhaustion, and irritability.
- Social Isolation: Feeling uncomfortably hot may lead to social isolation and difficulty keeping health appointments.
For Individuals with Mental Illnesses:
- Medication Risks: Certain medications can impair the body's ability to regulate temperature, increasing the risk of heat exhaustion or heatstroke.
- Enhanced Vigilance: Families and caregivers should monitor individuals closely for signs of heat-related illness, such as high body temperature, confusion, or lethargy.
- Cooling Measures: Ensure access to cool environments, such as air-conditioned spaces, and encourage hydration.
- Healthcare Support: Maintain regular health appointments and communicate with healthcare providers about heat-related risks.
For Children:
- Hydration: Encourage frequent water intake to prevent dehydration.
- Outdoor Activities: Limit outdoor activities during the hottest parts of the day and ensure children take regular breaks in cooler environments.
- Monitoring: Keep a close eye on children for signs of heat exhaustion, such as dizziness, nausea, or lethargy.
- Cooling Measures: Use cooling methods, like fans or air conditioning, to keep living spaces cool.
General Precautions During Heatwaves:
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day.
- Stay Cool: Remain in air-conditioned spaces or use cooling devices.
- Avoid Peak Heat: Limit outdoor activities during the hottest part of the day.
- Monitor Health: Keep an eye on vulnerable individuals and seek medical attention if symptoms arise.
- The connection between extreme heat and mental wellness has been revealed, as evidence shows that intense temperatures can escalate stress, sleep disorders, and exacerbate existing mental health issues, particularly for those suffering from severe mental illnesses.
- During heatwaves, it's crucial to take preventative measures, not only for individuals dealing with mental health issues but also for the general public, as the adverse effects of extreme heat can impact everyone. This includes staying hydrated, seeking shade, and limiting strenuous activities, and for mentally ill individuals, it's also important to consult a doctor about any necessary medication adjustments during the heat.
